Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan Big Data Analytics, New Technology, and Proactive Testing
Taiwan is 81 miles off the coast of mainland China and was expected to have the second highest number of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to its proximity to and number of flights between China. The country has 23 million citizens of which 850 000 reside in and 404 000 work in China. In 2019, 2.71 million visitors from the mainland traveled to Taiwan. As such, Taiwan has been on constant alert and ready to act on epidemics arising from China ever since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003. Given the continual spread of COVID-19 around the world, understanding the action items that were implemented quickly in Taiwan and assessing the effectiveness of these actions in preventing a large-scale epidemic may be instructive for other countries.
How to Prevent and Manage Hospital-Based Infections During Coronavirus Outbreaks: Five Lessons from Taiwan
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, Taiwan reported 346 confirmed cases and 73 deaths. Of all known infections, 94% were transmitted inside hospitals. Nine major hospitals were fully or partially shut down, and many doctors and nurses quit for fear of becoming infected. The Taipei Municipal Ho-Ping Hospital was most severely affected. Its index patient, a 42-year-old undocumented hospital laundry worker who interacted with staff and patients for 6 days before being hospitalized, became a superspreader, infecting at least 20 other patients and 10 staff members. The entire 450-bed hospital was ordered to shut down, and all 930 staff and 240 patients were quarantined within the hospital. The central government appointed the previous Minister of Health as head of the Anti-SARS Taskforce. Ultimately the hospital was evacuated; the outbreak resulted in 26 deaths. Events surrounding the hospital’s evacuation offer important lessons for hospitals struggling to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been caused by spread of a similar coronavirus.
Sherri Rose
Encina Commons,
615 Crothers Way
Stanford, CA 94305-6006
Sherri Rose, Ph.D. is a Professor of Health Policy and, by courtesy, of Computer Science at Stanford University, where she is Director of the Health Policy Data Science Lab. Her research is centered on developing and integrating innovative statistical machine learning approaches to improve human health and health equity. Within health policy, Dr. Rose works on ethical algorithms in health care, risk adjustment, chronic kidney disease, and health program evaluation. She has published interdisciplinary projects across varied outlets, including Biometrics, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Journal of Health Economics, Health Affairs, and New England Journal of Medicine. In 2011, Dr. Rose coauthored the first book on machine learning for causal inference, with a sequel text released in 2018.
Dr. Rose has been honored with an NIH Director’s Pioneer Award, NIH Director's New Innovator Award, the ISPOR Bernie J. O'Brien New Investigator Award, and multiple mid-career awards, including the Gertrude M. Cox Award. She is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association (ASA) and received the Mortimer Spiegelman Award, which recognizes the statistician under age 40 who has made the most significant contributions to public health statistics. In 2024, she received both the ASHEcon Willard G. Manning Memorial Award for Best Research in Health Econometrics and the ASA Outstanding Statistical Application Award. She was recently awarded the Open Science Champion Prize by Stanford University. Her research has been featured in The New York Times, USA Today, and The Boston Globe. She was Co-Editor-in-Chief of the journal Biostatistics from 2019-2023.
She received her Ph.D. in Biostatistics from the University of California, Berkeley and a B.S. in Statistics from The George Washington University before completing an NSF Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University.
Samuel Thomas
Samuel was born and raised in Salt Lake City, UT. After serving an LDS mission in Russia for 2 years, he pursued a love for science and the humanities and earned undergraduate degrees in Chemistry, Russian and International Studies from the University of Utah. He then returned to the University of Utah for medical school where he was given a scholarship to add an additional year to his education to earn a Masters in Bioengineering with an emphasis on medical technology innovation through the BioInnovate Program. He has been involved in numerous NSF and NIH funded research and innovation projects within the University of Utah Health Sciences, Lassonde Entrepreneur Institute, and the Center for Medical Innovation. He is the co-founder of multiple startups focusing on digital health, minimally invasive surgery, and smart technology. During medical school he was the President of the AMA for the Utah medical student chapter, was a voting member of the Board of Trustee for the UMA (Utah Medical Association), and co-founded two medical-student driven outreach clinics for the homeless and refugee populations.
He recently graduated from the Internal Medicine residency program at the University of Utah where he was able to continue much of his research and innovation projects. During his training he gained a new perspective on systemic challenges within health care delivery and implementation. His current interests involve improving outcomes, reducing costs, and increasing patient and provider satisfaction via a multidisciplinary effort that brings together advanced analytics, implementation science, system and process modeling, smart technology, and patient-centered design to enable the medical community with the information and tools they need for the management of patients throughout the health care system.
Samuel enjoys spending time with his wife and two boys, snow skiing, biking and working on his 1970 Ford Bronco.
Preventing and Managing Hospital-Based Infections During Coronavirus
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, Taiwan reported 346 confirmed cases and 73 deaths. Of all known infections, 94% were transmitted inside hospitals. Nine major hospitals were fully or partially shut down, and many doctors and nurses quit for fear of becoming infected. The Taipei Municipal Ho-Ping Hospital was most severely affected. Its index patient, a 42-year-old undocumented hospital laundry worker who interacted with staff and patients for 6 days before being hospitalized, became a superspreader, infecting at least 20 other patients and 10 staff members. The entire 450-bed hospital was ordered to shut down, and all 930 staff and 240 patients were quarantined within the hospital. The central government appointed the previous Minister of Health as head of the Anti-SARS Taskforce. Ultimately the hospital was evacuated; the outbreak resulted in 26 deaths. Events surrounding the hospital’s evacuation offer important lessons for hospitals struggling to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been caused by spread of a similar coronavirus.
SHP's Jason Wang and colleagues provide five key steps to managing infections in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in this Journal of Hospital Medicine study, drawing on lessons from previous hospital-based coronavirus infections.
Jasmin Moshfegh
Jasmin Moshfegh is a PhD candidate in Health Economics. She studies how and why innovations in healthcare diffuse, how they shape healthcare provision, and how they affect health inequality. Her dissertation work is supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R36 award).
Jonathan Lee
Dr. Jonathan Lee, MD, MBA is a Health Policy (Health Economics) PhD candidate and Political Science MA student. In addition, he is a Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Dr. Lee's research focuses on the causes and consequences of, as well as solutions to, rising distrust in sources of expert information (e.g., science, health). This includes studying phenomena such as the politicization of science and health, political polarization, filter bubbles/echo chambers, the emerging post-truth world, and information warfare. It also includes seeking heteorgeneity in the findings across particular demographics at high socioeconomic and health risk. He draws on theories and methods from his uniquely interdisciplinary set of educational, research, and professional experiences, including those from experimental and behavioral economics, political science, psychology, and machine learning. He is currently using machine learning-based text analytics to explore how trust/distrust in sources of expert information is discussed on traditional and social media -- followed by the use of online randomized controlled survey experiments to test the causal effects of particular persuasion strategies on perceptions of trust/distrust, as well as other important behavioral outcomes of interest. In addition, Dr. Lee works on designing and evaluating novel survey experimental research methods aiming to address common, problematic survey biases (e.g., hypothetical bias, social desirability bias, confirmation bias) which may lead to less accurate and precise self-reports from survey participants.
Suhani Jalota
Suhani Jalota is a PhD Candidate in Health Economics at Stanford University and holds an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business (GSB.) Her areas of interest are development and labor economics, with a particular focus on gender in poor households. She uses field experiments to study the interplay between women's economic power, dignity, and health — as well as the role of technology in amplifying their agency.