This issue of CHP/PCOR's quarterly newsletter, which covers news from the summer 2006 quarter, includes articles about:

• research by CHP/PCOR investigators that influenced the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to recommend widespread voluntary HIV screening for all Americans ages 13 to 64 -- a significant change from the CDC's previous HIV screening guidelines;
• a CHP/PCOR study on patient safety culture in U.S. hospitals -- the largest effort to date to measure hospitals' safety culture and seek to improve it through an intervention that gets hospital executives out of their offices and on to the hospital floors;
• an early-stage project in which CHP/PCOR is collaborating with the Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law to study the relationship between health interventions, governance and development;
• an evidence report examining the challenges of diagnosing and treating anthrax in children, prepared by the Stanford-UCSF Evidence-based Practice Center; and
• a study by CHP/PCOR fellow Kate Bundorf which found that depending on the definition of "affordability" that is used, health insurance is "affordable" to between one-quarter and three-quarters of the uninsured -- and many of those who can't afford insurance purchase it anyway.

This timely volume provides a state-of-the-art review of all research to date on evaluating the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention programs. Chapters feature comprehensive discussions on both scientific and practical uses - and limitations - of current studies. Addressing key questions about allocating scarce resources to HIV prevention, the Handbook is essential for those who require the most up-to-date research on the methods, findings, and practical uses of economic evaluations. A special feature is the inclusion of helpful tables summarizing the relevant literature.